Buffalo (In Swahili Nyati)
Buffaloes can be seen in mixed breeding herds or in small all-male groups of old bulls or sometimes alone. They are entirely grazers, but generally avoid the open grass plains, preferring the bush country for shade during the day, and are especially fond of wallowing. They are rarely found far from water, as they also need to drink regularly. Buffaloes weigh up to 800 kgs and carry massive, heavily bossed horns. If lions are bold enough to approach a heard, the bulls form a ring with the cows and calves in the centre and usually drive the lions away. Their sense of smell is very good while hearing and sight are moderate.

Rhino (In Swahili Kifaru)
Rhinos are usually solitary as adults. The most stable association is that of a mother and a calf which are usually found within a well defined home range. Black rhinos, which can be seen in Tanzania, are browsers and have pointed prehensile lips adapted for browsing off thorny shrubs. They feed at night, dawn and dusk, resting during the heat of the day. They have a good sense of hearing and smell (Scenting over several kilometres) but their sight is poor at more than 30 metres. Rhinos weigh up to 1600 kgs and can live up to 40 years. RHinos are an endangered species, but can easily be observed in the Ngorongoro Crater and possibly in the Selous Reserve.

Elephant (In Swahili Tembo)
Elephants are the largest living land mammals, weighing up to 6 tons. Daily food requirements depending on body size is 100 to 200 kg and they can live up to 70 years. Like the lion, the social system of the elephant is based on close family kin. Daughters remain in the same family as their mothers and grandmothers whilst males leave once they reach adolescensce. Senses of smell and hearing are very good and sight is moderate. If you watch a female heard you may be able to spot the matriarch. Usually this oldest and largest animal acts as the leader, particularly during defence when she will govern the course of action.